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Pv Sol Crack

in order to find a correlation between the developed surface temperature and the output power, we correlated the surface temperature with the output power using a linear regression analysis. the result is displayed in fig. 10. as shown, the trend in the output power is linearly proportional to the surface temperature. in the case of a cell affected by a crack size of more than 20%, the surface temperature is increased from 48c to approximately 50c. the output power is also reduced to 3.6% from nearly 3.9%. on the contrary, the average surface temperature of a cell affected by a crack of less than 20% is measured at approximately 42c, and it is not associated with a reduction in the output power. this is an indication that the solar cell samples that have developed cracks up to 20% are highly vulnerable for the potential generation of hotspots, and they need to be further investigated to ensure the maximum efficiency of solar power generation.

in order to further study the solar cell’s cracks and their effect on the output power, the solar cells were characterized using three different techniques: an electroluminescence (el) imaging setup, a raman spectroscopy technique, and a thermal imaging camera. the images acquired with the el imaging setup are illustrated in fig. 11. this is a comparison between a solar cell affected by a crack of 11% and a cell without a crack. as can be seen, there is no indication of hotspots or inactivity on the solar cell affected by a crack. this is a strong indication that the crack is not generating hotspots and it is not a point for a pv cell failure.

fig. 13 represents the relationship between the percentage of the pv module that has cracks and the temperature at which the loss increases to 50% of the stc value. here, the solar cell is affected by a 7% crack percentage. it is clear that the loss increases to 50% of the stc value as the stc temperature increases. in fact, it is found that the temperature at which the power loss increases to 50% of the stc value is approximately 22c, which is also the value obtained for the average surface temperature of the cell affected by a 7% crack percentage (fig. 8 a). this result is in agreement with the observations described earlier. as discussed earlier, the temperature increase at the hot spot area of the cell with a 7% crack percentage is lower than that of the cell with a 20% crack percentage. however, the percentage of the pv module affected by a 7% crack percentage is slightly higher than the percentage of the pv module affected by a 20% crack percentage. this may be the reason for the slight discrepancy between the results obtained for the 7% and the 20% crack cells.
fig. 14 represents the relationship between the percentage of the pv module that has cracks and the temperature at which the loss increases to 50% of the stc value. here, the solar cell is affected by a 20% crack percentage. it is clear that the loss increases to 50% of the stc value as the stc temperature increases. in fact, it is found that the temperature at which the power loss increases to 50% of the stc value is approximately 40c, which is also the value obtained for the average surface temperature of the cell affected by a 20% crack percentage (fig. 8 b).
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